Women’s bodies must not be held captive to government policies or “alarmist narratives” concerning population growth, the UN Sexual and Reproductive Agency (UNFPA) said in the latest edition of the State of World Population report published this morning.
The agency observes that while reaching the milestone of eight billion people on Earth was a reminder of “our unprecedented gains”, concerns over the number were causing anxiety, and driving more governments to try to influence fertility rates.”
However, the agency notes that thriving and inclusive societies can be built, regardless of population size, if countries are prepared to radically rethink how we talk about, and plan for, population change.
“The relationship between reproductive autonomy and healthier lives is an uncontested truth”, said UNFPA’s Executive Director, Natalia Kanem, in her foreword to the report. She added that we women are empowered to make choices about their bodies and lives, they and their families thrive – and their societies thrive as well.
However, that was not the message most received at the news of the eight billion milestones last November. “Instead, many headlines warned of a world teetering into overpopulation”, leaving the rights and potential of individuals, to “fade too easily into the background”
The key statistics, clearly demonstrate the lack of agency experienced by millions of women worldwide. Around 24 per cent of women and girls are unable to say no to sex, while 11 per cent are unable to make decisions about contraception.
A survey of eight countries for the report shows that people exposed to media or conversations over population growth were more likely to see it as too high. The demographics paint a more nuanced picture, said UNFPA. Two-thirds of people are now living in low fertility contexts, while just eight countries will account for half the projected growth in population by 2050.
Too often, the reproductive goals of individuals, are being thwarted, due to unplanned pregnancies, lack of access to contraception, quality obstetric care, infertility, and economic instability said UNFPA.
It added that blaming fertility rates for climate change will totally fail to hold the greatest carbon emitters to account. Out of eight billion, 5.5 billion simply don’t make enough money to influence carbon emission increases.
The best solution for managing population change and for building resilient societies, UNFPA argues, is to advance gender equality. Doing so is an often-overlooked solution, Kanem stated and added that in ageing, low-fertility countries, with labour productivity concerns, achieving gender parity in the workforce is considered the most effective way to improve productivity and income growth.
“In high-fertility countries, empowerment through education and family planning is known to yield enormous dividends in the form of economic growth and human capital development”, she added.
The UNFPA chief said this was the main reason why the agency is calling for “expanded efforts to realize bodily autonomy” and support sexual and reproductive health and rights for everyone. This right, she added, “should be the starting point for all conversations about population.”
UNFPA in the report is calling on all governments to uphold human rights, strengthen pension and healthcare systems, promote active and healthy ageing, protect migrants’ rights, and seek to mitigate the damaging impact of climate change.